What is an autoclave?

• A. A device used to measure blood pressure
• B. A device used to irrigate wounds
• C. A piece of equipment used to sterilize articles by way of steam under pressure and/or dry heat
• D. A device used to sharpen surgical instruments

Answer: (C)

An autoclave is a sterilization device that uses steam under pressure (and sometimes dry heat) to destroy microorganisms on medical instruments and other reusable items. By increasing pressure, the temperature of the steam rises above 100°C, allowing thorough sterilization in a relatively short time. In practice, loads are exposed to conditions like about 121°C with steam pressure around 15 psi for 15–20 minutes, though cycles vary for different materials. Dry-heat cycles are used for items that can withstand higher temperatures but aren’t suitable for steam. This tool is essential in healthcare and labs to ensure equipment is free of microbes before use.

The other options describe different functions: measuring blood pressure, irrigating wounds, or sharpening instruments, none of which involve sterilizing items, which is the key role of an autoclave.